Improvement in pavements



G. H. CHINNOCK. Improvement in Pavements.

I 1 n Fr! Q 5 8 l 5 V \1 0 N d e m No.132 F4 1.

lnwnlarx M??? l i GEORGE H. OHINNOCK, on NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO CHARLESE. EVANS,

' or BROOKLYN, N; Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN PAVEMENTS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N0. 132,801, dated November5, 1872.

To all whom "it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE H. CHINNOCK, ofthe city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Combined Concrete and Wooden Pavements, of whichthe following is a specification:

The nature of my invention consists: First, in combining a series ofwooden blocks, constructed in squares or sections and surround ed with anon-removable frame, with a filling of concrete interposed between everytwo blocks so as to form alternate concrete and wooden foot surfaces, asdescribed hereafter. Second, in the use of wedges, which are driven intothe concrete while soft or in a plastic state, so as to prevent it fromrising or being forced upward from its seat by expansion, 850. Third, inthe use of grooves, formed in the sides of the blocks and frames, intowhich the plastic concrete runs, and which, when it hardens or sets,serves to hold the different parts more firmly and securely together andto prevent them from rising upward. Fourth, in the use of strengtheningrods or braces placed between each row of blocks, so as to holdthem more firmly and securely in place, and at the same time affordseats and divisions for the concrete, said strengthening pieces being ofa height much less than the side frames so as to admit of being coveredwith concrete, as hereinafter set forth.

Figure 1 is a plan view of a section of my pavement. Figs. 2 and 3 areside elevations of the same.

In laying my pavement, the ground is first leveled off, and thefoundation of boards prepared in the usual manner. A are square woodenframes, of any desired size-but preferably made in sections, of suchsize that they can be handled readily and easily for transportation-into which the wooden blocks 13 are placed and secured firmlyby means of the strengthening bands or bars 0, which are placed betweeneach row of blocks. In order I to make these parts still more securethese sidewise, being held in position by the surv rounding frame andblocks, it is liable to move upward so as to extend above the blocks ofwood, and thus make the pavement rough and uneven. In order to preventthis, holes are 'made through the sides of the frame A, and

while the concrete is in a plastic condition I drive wedges I ofsuitable length and size into it, and when the concrete has set thiseffectually prevents any upward movement. Together with the wedges, ifthey are not sufficient, or in place of them, I make grooves a in thesides of the frames, blocks, or bands, as shown in Fig. 2, into whichthe soft or plastic concrete runs, and as it hardens and sets it notonly binds the two parts together more firmly, but checks any upwardmovement of either part. The wooden blocks and the framing forming themold are all treated in any of the well-known methods for depriving themof moisture, and rendering them impervious to the action of water, andpreventing them from decay.

After a section is put together, before it is laid on the boardfoundation, the lower sides or edges are dipped in or coated withplastic concrete, so that the wood will be thoroughly protected fromdecay at every point. As soon as this section is finished and in placeanother section is arranged in position, when one or more rows of blocksare placed or driven be tween them, the blocks being equidistant apartso as to receive concrete-a feature shown and claimed in a separateapplication for Letters Patent filed on the same date with this. By thismeans when one of the sections becomes injured from any cause theintervening row of blocks is removed and the injured or defaced sectiontaken up all at once without interfering with those surrounding it inthe slightest degree. The blocks arevformed with grooves on their facesso as to secure foothold for pcdestrians and beasts, and at the sametime are designed to afford means for conducting water to the gutters.The spaces formed for the concrete between the wooden blocks are soarranged that wheels of vehicles in passing along the street will havetheir bearing alternately upon the wooden and concrete blocks. By meansof the strengthening-bands, arranged as shown, in combination with thewooden blocks,amuch greater concrete wearing-surface is obtained, hencethe difference in wear between the wood and concrete is counterbalanced.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. The series of alternate wooden and concrete blocks formed andarranged in respect to each other as herein shown, and confined in placeby the non-removable frame or mold A, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The wedges I driven through the side of the frameA of acombinedconcrete and wooden pavement into the plastic concrete, for the purposesubstantially as shown and described.

3. The grooves a, formed either upon the inside or outside, or upon bothmold-frames, substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. The strengtheningbands 0 placed between the rows of alternate woodenand concrete blocks, when said wooden and concrete blocks are surroundedwith a non-removable frame, substantially as specified.

5. Parallel rows of concrete formed upon the strengthening-bands,arranged within the frame or mold between the alternating wooden andconcrete blocks, forming a section of a combined wooden and concretepavement.

To the above I have signed my name this 16th day of January, A. D. 1872.

GEORGE H. OHINNOOK.

Witnesses:

Gno. H. WEBB, J. D. BILLINGS.

